{"id":8722,"date":"2010-05-18T22:07:28","date_gmt":"2010-05-18T11:07:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fffaif.org.au\/"},"modified":"2010-05-18T22:07:28","modified_gmt":"2010-05-18T11:07:28","slug":"case-book-6-sgt-maurice-robinson","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/fffaif.org.au\/?page_id=8722","title":{"rendered":"Case Book 6 &#8211; Sgt Maurice Robinson"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><span style=\"color:#0000ff;\"><strong>11 SERGEANT Maurice ROBINSON,\u00a0 MID<br \/>\n<\/strong><strong>1<sup>st<\/sup> ANZAC Corps Headquarters\/ 4<sup>th<\/sup> Divisional MMP<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0There were in fact three Maurice Robinsons within the 1<sup>st<\/sup> AIF, and something like nearly a thousand soldiers and nurses named Robinson who served in Australian forces during the Great War.\u00a0 Maurice (Maurie) and his brother, Ethelbert (Bert) were both raised in the Wangaratta district (Maurie had been born at Chiltern); they were the sons of Harry and Winifred Robinson from \u2018Boralma\u2019 via Springhurst. The photo below shows Harry and Winifred with their three other sons and their daughter, the portrait was taken while both Maurie and Bert were away at the war.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/fffaif.files.wordpress.com\/2010\/05\/maurice-robertson_1_website.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-8723\" title=\"Maurice Robertson_1_website\" src=\"http:\/\/fffaif.files.wordpress.com\/2010\/05\/maurice-robertson_1_website.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"448\" height=\"297\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Maurie and Bert were both single when they enlisted in 1915, Maurie was slightly older, he was nearly 25, Bert was close to turning 23, no doubt the pair were inspired by the exploits of the Anzacs on the Gallipoli Peninsula. Maurie described himself as a contractor when he enlisted on 7 July 1915; he was still living and working around Wangaratta. \u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/fffaif.files.wordpress.com\/2010\/05\/maurice-robertson_2_website.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-8724\" title=\"Maurice Robertson_2_website\" src=\"http:\/\/fffaif.files.wordpress.com\/2010\/05\/maurice-robertson_2_website.jpg?w=99\" alt=\"\" width=\"99\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Bert (shown left) didn\u2019t enlist until 5 October 1915 he was actually working as a mounted police constable at Wagga Wagga prior to enlisting; he chose to take his discharge from the police force and returned to Wangaratta to enlist.<\/p>\n<p>Upon enlisting Maurie did most of his training at the Broadmeadows Camp, here he was allotted to the 8<sup>th<\/sup> Infantry Brigade Headquarters, most probably straight away becoming a MMP (military mounted policeman) \u00a0this is not formally verified.\u00a0 Maurie sailed with his unit aboard the <em>Ascanius<\/em>, (shown below) departing Melbourne on 9 November 1915, Bert would not sail for Egypt until January 1916.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/fffaif.files.wordpress.com\/2010\/05\/maurice-robertson_3_website.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-8727\" title=\"Maurice Robertson_3_website\" src=\"http:\/\/fffaif.files.wordpress.com\/2010\/05\/maurice-robertson_3_website.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"448\" height=\"199\" \/><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Maurie Robinson was formally transferred to the 1<sup>st<\/sup> ANZAC Corps Headquarters on 25 March 1916, only days before that unit sailed for the Western Front; Maurie continued to be employed as a MMP.\u00a0 Maurie\u2019s unit sailed from Alexandria aboard the <em>Transylvania <\/em>on 29 March, as well as the MMP element of 1<sup>st<\/sup> ANZAC Headquarters there were also several detachments of Divisional MMP on board the troopship, the <em>Transylvania<\/em> arrived at Marseilles in France on 4 April. \u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Bert Robinson had in fact beaten his brother in arriving on the Western Front.\u00a0 Bert had sailed to Egypt as part of the 14<sup>th<\/sup> re-enforcements for the 4<sup>th<\/sup> Light Horse Regiment, but like a large portion of his draft he had volunteered to serve as a cyclist on the Western Front.\u00a0 Now part of the 2<sup>nd<\/sup> Division Cyclist Company Bert sailed for France on 25 March.<\/p>\n<p>No doubt Maurie and Bert\u2019s paths would have regularly crossed over the next few years as they served on the Western Front.\u00a0 As a cyclist much of Bert\u2019s time would have been spent carrying out traffic duties and working alongside the MMP and the Divisional traffic men.<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/fffaif.files.wordpress.com\/2010\/05\/maurice-robertson_5_website.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-8728\" title=\"Maurice Robertson_5_website\" src=\"http:\/\/fffaif.files.wordpress.com\/2010\/05\/maurice-robertson_5_website.jpg?w=199\" alt=\"\" width=\"199\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Upon their arrival in France the AIF\u2019s MMP adopted many of the practices of the British Military Police; the British RMP had been on the Western Front for over eighteen months and had honed their skills during that time.\u00a0 Egypt and Gallipoli had provided some experience to the Australian MMP, but nowhere near enough to prepare them for the Western Front.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Major John Williams, who was the APM (Assistant Provost Marshal) in charge of the 1<sup>st<\/sup> ANZAC MMP and all the Australian Divisional MMP, also studied and adopted some of the French Armies methods of traffic control.<\/p>\n<p>Like the other AIF troops the MMP were able to learn their role in France around the relatively quiet Armentieres sector.\u00a0 The MMP would be sorely tested in later battles and would suffer their share of casualties as a result of shrapnel as they often manned exposed intersections and positions.\u00a0 The Australian MMP manned similar posts to their British counter-parts, close to the front straggler posts helped control the movement of men to and from the frontline, further back the posts were known as traffic posts.<\/p>\n<p>The primary tasks for the Australian military police were the same as for rest of the British Army:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The detection of crime and the arrest of offenders<\/li>\n<li>The maintenance of order and military law<\/li>\n<li>Traffic control and assisting the maintenance of march discipline<\/li>\n<li>The surveillance and control of all civilians within the area occupied by their formations<\/li>\n<li>Custody of prisoners of war<\/li>\n<li>Protection of the civilian population from acts of violence by soldiers, and<\/li>\n<li>The prevention of contact between soldiers and such \u2018undesirable characters\u2019 such as prostitutes, hawkers, and sellers of liquor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Maurie was one of the first Australian MMP to arrive in France, each of the Australian Divisions had twenty five MMP and presumably at this time 1<sup>st<\/sup> ANZAC Headquarters had a similar number.\u00a0 A weekly report from Major Williams to 1<sup>st<\/sup> ANZAC Corps Headquarters, dated 6 May 1916, stated that discipline of those Australians and New Zealanders who had arrived in France was generally poor and was getting worse, principal offences were AWL, drunkenness, disobedience and conduct to the prejudice.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>On 6 June 1916 a detachment of a further 49 MMP under Lieutenant Kensett left Egypt for France.\u00a0 Upon their arrival in France they were quickly absorbed into 1<sup>st<\/sup> ANZAC Corps (both into the Headquarter detachment as well as to bolster the Divisional MMP numbers) the remainder were sent to the AIF Base Depot which was being established at Etaples on the French Coast.\u00a0 The Etaples Depot would become the distribution point of Australian troops as they arrived in France as the training of the AIF switched from camps in Egypt to camps in England.<\/p>\n<p>Following the report he made Major Williams set about improving the policing of the AIF in both France and Belgium.\u00a0 Williams is shown below with some of his men, the photo (below) is most probably from around this time in France (not verified).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/fffaif.files.wordpress.com\/2010\/05\/maurice-robertson_7_website.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-8730\" title=\"Maurice Robertson_7_website\" src=\"http:\/\/fffaif.files.wordpress.com\/2010\/05\/maurice-robertson_7_website.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"448\" height=\"294\" \/><\/a>Photo courtesy Geoff Barr<strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Although he had been a military policeman for almost all his time in the AIF, it was not until 16 August 1916 that the various MMP elements serving in France (including Maurie) were formally absorbed into the Anzac Provost Corps.<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/fffaif.files.wordpress.com\/2010\/05\/maurice-robertson_8_website.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-8731\" title=\"Maurice Robertson_8_website\" src=\"http:\/\/fffaif.files.wordpress.com\/2010\/05\/maurice-robertson_8_website.jpg?w=103\" alt=\"\" width=\"103\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a><\/strong>\u00a0The photo (shown left) is of Maurie (l.h.s.) and a fellow MMP in Belgium, the photo is dated 6 August 1916, it can be seen that both men are wearing revolvers and have a revolver strap that crosses their torso similar to an officers Sam Browne, the revolver strap crosses in the opposite direction to that of the Sam Browne.\u00a0 Neither men are wearing are wearing an armband that would normally be worn when on duty, Maurie is obviously holding the rank of corporal, it would appear that they are on duty (possibly traffic control) and are taking a break, or perhaps waiting for the next batch of vehicles or men.\u00a0\u00a0 The other MMP had obviously been a lighthorseman prior to joining the military police as he retains his emu plume from his original unit.<\/p>\n<p>The photo is an unusual one, it doesn\u2019t appear to be taken by an official war photographer, it may have been taken by a fellow MMP.\u00a0 The photographer was probably fairly discreet in taking the photo, as one of the roles of the military police was to ensure soldiers did not photograph sensitive subjects near the front, it is not unusual to read in the official military police war dairies of cameras being confiscated and the film being checked.<\/p>\n<p>In October 1916 Williams was tasked with commanding the whole corps, with that came promotion to Lieutenant Colonel and a move to Bhurtpore Barracks at Tidworth. <a href=\"http:\/\/fffaif.files.wordpress.com\/2010\/05\/maurice-robertson_10_website.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-8732\" title=\"Maurice Robertson_10_website\" src=\"http:\/\/fffaif.files.wordpress.com\/2010\/05\/maurice-robertson_10_website.jpg?w=137\" alt=\"\" width=\"137\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a>\u00a0 Tidworth had now become the focal point for the AIF\u2019s military police, both for training and policing of the Salisbury camps.<\/p>\n<p>Major William Smith (later Lieutenant Colonel) now took control of the French Section of the Corps; he would hold that appointment for most of the war. Lieutenant Colonel Smith (slouch hat) is shown to the right with Major General John Gellibrand, CB, DSO, he was the 3<sup>rd<\/sup> Division\u2019s\u00a0Commander.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>By this stage of the war, October 1916, the Anzac Provost Corps in France numbered 16 officers and 192 men.\u00a0\u00a0 A system of rotation was also brought into play between England and France however it appears that if any of the MMP were happy to remain with their unity in France they were not forced to go to England.\u00a0 Maurie would remain with the 1<sup>st<\/sup> ANZAC (later re-designated Australian) Headquarters for all of 1917 and the first half of 1918.\u00a0 In September 1916 all MMP in France were authorised to carry revolvers in lieu of rifles, but as can be seen by Maurie\u2019s photo the majority appear to have already so armed.<\/p>\n<p>On 10 March 1917 Maurie and Corporal John Kortright were both recommended for citations, their citation (which was identically worded for both) read:<br \/>\n<em>\u2018For devotion to duty and good services rendered as a Military Policeman throughout.\u2019<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Maurie was formally mentioned in dispatch, Kortright was awarded the meritorious service medal (MSM).\u00a0 John Kortright had served in the Boer War and had actually deserted from the regular Australian Army, the AIF had granted an amnesty to the likes of these men at the start of the \u2018Great War\u2019, this allowed Kortright to re-enlist.<\/p>\n<p>In May 1917 the acting APM 1<sup>st<\/sup> ANZAC, Captain Watson-Colpitts (filling in as Smith was otherwise tasked) reported that there was unrest amongst the Australian troops (from the 5<sup>th<\/sup> Division) at both CAYEUX and VALERY, where rest camps had been established.\u00a0 Captain Colpitts and Major Smith proceeded at once to ABBEVILLE with a party of MMP to investigate the claims.\u00a0 It appears that the claims were greatly exaggerated, but in order to prevent any escalation in the situation extra MMP were stationed at both locations (CAYEUX and VALERY).<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/fffaif.files.wordpress.com\/2010\/05\/maurice-robertson_11_website.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-8733\" title=\"Maurice Robertson_11_website\" src=\"http:\/\/fffaif.files.wordpress.com\/2010\/05\/maurice-robertson_11_website.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"336\" height=\"404\" \/><\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Major Smith then continued on to Le Havre to check on the policing arrangements at the Australian Base Depot there.\u00a0 Originally in France the Australian base depots had been at Etaples, however the lines of transport for the re-enforcement drafts \u2013 from Southampton to Etaples \u2013 crossed that of the Canadians, whose English depots were near Folkestone and their French depots at Le Havre.\u00a0 At Folkestone conflicts were common between Australian troops and the Canadian military police.<\/p>\n<p>Consequently in June 1917, the French depots of the two dominions changed places.\u00a0 The Australian depots were transferred to the valley of Harfluer, just outside Le Havre.\u00a0 Eventually the number of depots was rationalised \u2013 with one for the infantry and pioneers, and the other for divisional, corps and army troops.<\/p>\n<p>At this time the establishment strength for the Australian military police at French Base Depots was 1 officer and 34 men.\u00a0 The majority of these men, by this time, were based at Le Havre; however a notation indicates that a sergeant and 13 men had remained behind at Etaples, presumably to remain until all Australian troops marched out of the Etaples Depot.\u00a0 When that task was completed those 13 military policemen themselves became re-enforcements, and were posted where they were most needed.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/fffaif.files.wordpress.com\/2010\/05\/maurice-robertson_12_website.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-8735\" title=\"Maurice Robertson_12_website\" src=\"http:\/\/fffaif.files.wordpress.com\/2010\/05\/maurice-robertson_12_website.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"448\" height=\"307\" \/><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:left;\">The photo (above) shows some of the men from the 1<sup>st<\/sup> ANZAC Corps Headquarters, indicating it was probably taken in 1917.\u00a0 Possibly it may be from early 1917 around the time of the CAYEUX incident as the officer sitting middle front is not Colonel Smith, but may well be Captain Watson-Colpitts (not verified).\u00a0 To Colpitt\u2019s right is Warrant Officer William Kenny; Kenny had been decorated for his service on Gallipoli as a MMP and had quickly worked his way up through the ranks.\u00a0 The other three seated MMPs are all sergeants.<\/p>\n<p>Perhaps the standing MMP second from the right end is Corporal Kortright, he is wearing several campaign or bravery ribbons and would appear to be old enough to have served during the Boer War?\u00a0 It should be note that Maurie is not amongst the group, but it is obvious by the numbers that several of the members\u00a0 of the detachment were absent at the time of the photo.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:left;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/fffaif.files.wordpress.com\/2010\/05\/maurice-robertson_13_website.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-8736\" title=\"Maurice Robertson_13_website\" src=\"http:\/\/fffaif.files.wordpress.com\/2010\/05\/maurice-robertson_13_website.jpg?w=101\" alt=\"\" width=\"101\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>On 21 May 1917 Maurie was temporarily attached for duty with the APM Paris, Maurie then spent two weeks on \u2018Special Duty\u2019.\u00a0 This special duty was to go undercover, posing as normal AIF soldiers, even to the point of posing as absentees (AWL), they followed various leads and snippets of information about the men and were able to trace and arrest several long term offenders.<\/p>\n<p>The photo to the left is described as being taken at the same time as the photo of Maurie and fellow MMP sitting on the step.\u00a0 The nature of the photo and the soldier in the background indicate it could have in fact been taken earlier in Egypt.\u00a0 The photo shows that once their armbands were off the military police relaxed in the same way that any soldier would, probably keeping pretty much to themselves for obvious reasons.<\/p>\n<p>On 1 January 1918 the Anzac Provost Corps was formally re-designated as the Australian Provost Corps.\u00a0 Initially when the corps had formed it was intended that the Australian and New Zealand Police would formally work together within the same corps, however this never formally occurred. However it is apparent that the two forces did work closely together, indeed on Gallipoli Colonel Bowler (NZ Forces) had a mixed force of Australians and New Zealanders as MMP within the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps Headquarters.\u00a0 Likewise within the ANZAC Mounted Division in Egypt the MMP detachment was mixed.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Similarly in France the Australian and New Zealand military police worked together at various detachments.\u00a0 The strength of the Australian Provost Corps in France was by now 12 officers and 238 men.\u00a0 The men would regularly brush up on their policing skills, in January 1918 Maurie was sent on two weeks instruction at an Army Provost School of Instruction.\u00a0 The training generally included topics such as;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Charge Reports and Evidence,<\/li>\n<li>Notebook and Traffic Notes,<\/li>\n<li>Revolver Handling,<\/li>\n<li>Equitation and Stables, and<\/li>\n<li>General smartness and efficiency.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The men received were marked on each area, it should be noted that some of the shooting scores seen by the author (revolvers) were pretty low.<\/p>\n<p>By the time Maurie had rejoined his unit both 1<sup>st<\/sup> and 2<sup>nd<\/sup> ANZAC Headquarters had amalgamated and become Australian Corps Headquarters.\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/fffaif.files.wordpress.com\/2010\/05\/maurice-robertson_14_website.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-8737\" title=\"Maurice Robertson_14_website\" src=\"http:\/\/fffaif.files.wordpress.com\/2010\/05\/maurice-robertson_14_website.jpg?w=87\" alt=\"\" width=\"87\" height=\"149\" \/><\/a> Maurie continued to serve as a corporal with Australian Corps Headquarters until June 1918.\u00a0 On 30 June Maurie was detached for duty with the Australian 4<sup>th<\/sup> Division, the MMP numbered 25 men and were part of the Headquarter elements.<\/p>\n<p>The detachment was now being led by its APM, Major M. Jarvie; he would remain in command until the end of the war. Major Jarvie is shown to the right from March (?) 1918; next to him is a French interpreter who was attached to the 4<sup>th<\/sup> Divisional Headquarters. Maurie served with the 4<sup>th<\/sup> Division until well after the armistice, on 1 January 1919 he was promoted to sergeant (temporary) and he would retain that rank until discharge.<\/p>\n<p>In mid May Maurie was sent back to the Le Havre Depot where he worked for the APM Le Havre for a week as he awaited a return to England.\u00a0 Maurie returned to Bhurtpore Barracks at Tidworth, remaining in England until July 1918 when he was granted a passage back to Australia aboard the <em>Zealandic<\/em>.\u00a0 Sergeant Maurice Robinson was discharged from the AIF on 17 October 1919.<\/p>\n<p>Maurie returned to the Springhurst area after the war, where he continued to live and work for the remainder of his life, he found employment on the road gangs within the district.\u00a0 Maurie never married, in later life he lived in a hut at the rear of a local store run by his brother, Bill.\u00a0\u00a0 Maurice Robinson died in the Beechworth Asylum on 2 November 1964.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\">*****<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:left;\">The photos in this story come from the author&#8217;s collection, unless indicated otherwise.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>11 SERGEANT Maurice ROBINSON,\u00a0 MID 1st ANZAC Corps Headquarters\/ 4th Divisional MMP \u00a0There were in fact three Maurice Robinsons within the 1st AIF, and something like nearly a thousand soldiers and nurses named Robinson who served in Australian forces during &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/fffaif.org.au\/?page_id=8722\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":233,"menu_order":6,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-8722","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fffaif.org.au\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8722","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fffaif.org.au\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fffaif.org.au\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fffaif.org.au\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fffaif.org.au\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8722"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fffaif.org.au\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8722\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fffaif.org.au\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/233"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fffaif.org.au\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8722"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}